最近独立承包商分类规则的变化及其对笔译和口译的意义
![response-to-independent-contractor-rule-changes response-to-independent-contractor-rule-changes](http://j2n.bigwingsfilm.com/wp-content/uploads/bb-plugin/cache/response-to-independent-contractor-rule-changes-1024x683-panorama-bdaae82d3d6e3c92761bf71177582a09-606bae97546bd.jpg)
永利登录网址的倡导和商业实践教育委员会对美国劳工部在FLSA下的工人分类最终规则的见解.
雇员或独立承包商?
近年来, many professions that include a high number of independent contractors, 包括语言服务行业, 经常有问题的立法的通过震动了永利登录网址吗?这些立法旨在制定规则,以确定工人是否真正是独立的承包商,或者他们是否应该被归类为雇员. Worker classification is a key area of ATA’s advocacy, as well as an important consideration for running a language services business. Our goal is to keep our members abreast of any developments as we learn of them.
永利登录网址想提醒你联邦政府最近的一项进展一项新的,最终的规定 将于2024年3月11日生效. 所有作为独立承包商的ATA成员都应该了解更多信息,并采取任何必要的步骤来帮助确保您按照对您和您的工作方式有意义的方式进行分类.
FLSA下新的独立承包商测试
的 美国公平劳动标准法(FLSA) 联邦法律是否为雇员提供了独立承包商无权享有的某些保护, 比如最低工资和加班费. 劳工部最近宣布了一项最终规定,概述了一个六因素测试,以确定一个工人是FLSA下的雇员还是独立承包商. 这六个因素是:
- Opportunity for profit or loss depending on managerial skill
例如:你能证明你已经就你的服务的补偿金额和截止日期进行了协商吗? 你是否在设备上花钱来经营你的业务,或者在市场营销或其他努力上花钱来发展你的业务? - Investments by the worker and the potential employer
例如: Does the contracting entity invest in your business, 如果是这样的话, 在何种程度上(以及您是否需要这样的投资才能接受合同实体的工作)? 你是否对你的公司进行了有意义的投资(新设备、继续教育等).)? - Degree of permanence of the work relationship
例如:你是否清楚,你是根据一份有期限的合同工作的,并且你可以自由地为其他客户工作? Does the contracting entity demand exclusivity? - 控制的性质和程度
例如: Does the contracting entity keep you from working for other people, 要求你工作一定的时间, 或者监督你的工作? Do they control how you manage your time or your rates? - Extent to which the work performed is an integral part of the potential employer’s business
例如: Is the work you perform “critical, 必要的, or central” to the contracting entity’s business? 对于T&我的专业人士, 这可能很棘手, 但请记住,如果其他因素明确满足,这个因素不一定是决定性的. - 技能和主动性
例如: Are you using specialized skills to “contribute to business-like initiative?” Do you invest in continuing education to grow your skills, or do you rely on the contracting entity to provide all training?
根据这一最终规则,没有单一因素是决定性的,其他因素也可以适用. 审计人员的任何分析都将基于“全面经济现实”的方法,这意味着工人或承包实体可以提供额外的信息,以帮助确定工人是否是一个独立的承包商. 如果一个工人的所有收入都依赖于一个单一的实体(就像他们有雇主一样), they will likely not qualify as an independent contractor under this rule.
那ABC考试呢? Isn’t that the one that we had to worry about?
ABC考试是一项州级考试,已经在几个州颁布或正在考虑实施, 是的, it has caused significant problems for many freelance language services professionals. California’s passage of AB5 in 2020, which codified the ABC test in 状态 law, 引发了广泛的行动主义 代表口译员和笔译员, 他们中的许多人在ABC测试中被错误地归类为雇员,而不是独立承包商. 错误分类的发生是因为 ABC测试的B部分 规定独立承包商必须从事承包实体主要业务以外的工作. 为语言服务提供商(lsp)工作的自由笔译和口译员不能通过这一测试, and many suffered severe business losses as a result. 为了保护这些自由语言学家, 科普特语的, ATA, 和其他合作伙伴倡导——并帮助通过了——加州免除一些语言学家ABC考试的立法.
This new final rule under the FLSA specifically rejects the ABC test at the federal level. According to the Department of Labor, as it 状态s on its 常见问题 页面, “根据最终规则, 劳工部将转而依靠法院长期使用的多因素“经济现实”测试来确定工人是雇员还是独立承包商. This test relies on the totality of the circumstances w在这里 no one factor is determinative.”
最终规则中列出的六个因素是为了对个人的业务给出一个比ABC测试更全面的定义. 然而,劳工部 还指出 that this final rule does not invalidate or otherwise affect other laws:
的 final rule only revises the Department’s interpretation under the FLSA. 它对其他联邦法律没有影响, 状态, or local—that use different standards for employee classification. 例如, 《永利登录网址》和《永利最新网址》在区分雇员和独立承包人方面有不同的法定语言和司法先例, and those laws are interpreted and enforced by different federal agencies. 类似的, this rule has no effect on those 状态 wage-and-hour laws which use an “ABC” test, 比如加州或新泽西. 的 FLSA does not preempt any other laws that protect workers, 所以企业必须遵守所有联邦法律, 状态, 以及适用的地方法律,确保它们符合为工人提供最大保护的标准. 参见29 U.S.C. 218.
换句话说, 尽管根据FLSA的最终规则提供了一个不同的框架来确定一个特定的工人是雇员还是独立承包商, it does not automatically exempt linguists from ABC tests or other legislation passed, either at the federal level or in the 状态s w在这里 the linguist lives or works. 的 more prepared you are to prove your status as either an employee or contractor, 你就越容易避免因错误分类而引起的问题.
我是一名翻译. 我该怎么办??
Please take some time to read the Department of Labor’s 公告 最后的规则和 常见问题. You can also find an interpretation of the rule 在这里. Note that this post and the posts it links to should not be construed as legal advice, and 如果你对自己的具体情况有疑问,你应该咨询专业人士.
永利登录网址也鼓励你去阅读 Understanding Worker Classification: 的 ABC Test, 错误分类, and Tips for Professionalizing Your Language Services Business, a post by ATA member Jason Knapp on the basics of professionalizing your T&您可以采取哪些步骤来满足测试中提供的标准并证明您的独立承包商身份.
最后, discuss this new rule with your colleagues and clients as appropriate, especially those who might not know about it yet. Your efforts to inform and educate them will benefit us all.
加入ATA
Your membership helps support ATA’s advocacy and business practices education efforts. It also offers you exclusive access to additional resources and networking opportunities. 如果你还不是会员,考虑一下 加入今天.
作者简介
本·卡尔, 工商管理硕士, CT是ata永利登录网址的翻译, 专攻企业, 市场营销, and financial translation from French and Mandarin into English. 他担任美国航空运输协会倡导委员会主席,也是美国航空运输协会会员委员会和协会的成员 纪事报 编辑委员会. He chairs the International Federation of Translators’ (FIT) 变迁 常务委员会和编辑 一个提议,是ATA法语部的部落格. He holds a BA in translation and East Asian Studies from McGill University, a certificate of advanced Chinese proficiency from Beijing Language and Culture University, 以及内华达大学的工商管理硕士学位, 里诺.
丹妮尔·马克森(Danielle Maxson)自2009年以来一直从事翻译工作,专门从事医学翻译,重点是患者记录. 她是ATA永利登录网址的葡萄牙语到英语和西班牙语到英语的翻译,也是ATA商业实践教育委员会的主席. Before focusing on translation, she worked as a Spanish teacher and a medical interpreter. 欲了解更多信息,请访问 http://dmaxsontranslates.com.
最近的帖子
订阅下一个级别
有什么好主意吗?
If you have feedback or ideas for future articles, contact the Business Practices Committee.
请留下评论